Research Proposal/ Synopsis Coverage of Physical Infrastructure Developmental news in rural areas of Sindh (Comparative analysis of three different dailies of Pakistan, Dawn, Express and Kawish)

 

Research Proposal/ Synopsis

Coverage of Physical Infrastructure Developmental news in rural areas of Sindh

(Comparative analysis of three different dailies of Pakistan, Dawn, Express and Kawish)

Statement of Problem

The media industry is an important sector for any region, mostly because of its significant contribution to the socio-economic development, (Rabi 2015). Every country is trying hard to get as much growth as possible to go ahead in the race of development. Pakistan is a developing country and media plays a vital role in development projects in the shape of development support communication. So researcher choose this problem that how prominent dailies of Pakistan highlight physical infrastructure development particularly in rural areas of Sindh?

In this study researcher will focus on physical infrastructure development in rural areas of Sindh in the perspective of print media, so researcher selected three elements of physical infrastructure development i.e. Transportation (roads, railways, and utilities), Health and Education (Hospitals, schools, colleges, and Universities). The researcher will also compare the role of private and public organizations in shape of developmental projects in the rural area of Sindh and how public and private organization serve their budgets for development of Rural areas?

Objective of the Study

To analyze that how daily Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi) newspapers give coverage to physical infrastructure development in rural areas of Sindh.

To analyze the coverage of Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi) about physical infrastructure development of rural areas of Sindh.

To check the space given to physical infrastructure development of rural Sindh in print media especially Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi) newspapers.

Purpose of Study

Media is the fourth pillar of society, it is also playing an important role in the development of society but Pakistani media mostly covers news about urban and it only focus rural areas when any big incident occurs e.g. murder, kidnapping, Karo Kari (Honor killing), natural calamities child abuse, death of Thar children due to malnutrition, large-scale deaths of peacocks and flood of 2011. So researcher identifies that what type of role print media is playing for development of rural areas of Sindh in the shape of publishing its content (news stories, articles, editorials, columns, and pictures). It is an attempt to identify the role of print media and its dimensions for presenting the rural areas of Sindh. For this purpose, the researcher would analyze coverage of content (news stories, articles, editorials, columns, and pictures) eminent dailies of Pakistan, Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi).

Literature Review

Media content can be considered a combination of content music, films, TV, radio, publishing, advertisements, and electronic games along with associated technological devices, Gareth Locksley, (2009). The concept of development is old as civilization, Jair Soares (2008). Development word always uses in general termite cannot define through few words or any specific definition. Development can be social, economic, cultural, communication and infrastructural. Infrastructure is essential for increasing economic progress and reducing poverty, Marianne& el at (2010) development refers to change or growth that occurs in anything (Kumarswamy2015). According to Prof. Navaneeta Rath, Development as material or social change in the material world and it is a social process which affecting to wanted rich as well as poor nations.

According to Komal, a ruthless competition of this era indicates that each country is striving to exceed in growth, to go ahead in the race of development. The broad categories of Infrastructure include telecommunication, education, healthcare, utilities, waste removal, transportation, research, development, and training facilities. Moreover, transportation includes roads, railways, ports, airplane, and utilities (includes electricity and water) (Komal).

In the research article of “Physical Infrastructure and Economic Development in Pakistan” stated that the broad term of Physical infrastructure encircles the facilities, such as telecommunications, electricity, piped gas, piped water, sanitation and sewerage system, solid waste collection and disposal, roads, railways, seaports, airports, dams, irrigation and drainage system, mobile phones and a vast broadband internet facilities (Sajid & et al 2012).

In the late 2008, China announced over US$850 billion for the development of Infrastructure. Governments of India, Indonesia, Thailand, and other regional developing countries declared an increased spending on major infrastructure projects in the early 2008 - 2009 (Peter McCawley 2010).

Sajid & et al, mentioned that people directly utilize most of the facilities of infrastructure. They have access of transportation and communication facilities;   job markets for employment, information for better decisions, hospitals for health care, they have agricultural products and the schools to educate their children.

So researcher select this study to analyze that how Pakistani print media gives coverage to physical infrastructure development in rural area of Sindh.

Research Question

The purpose of this study is to find out the role of print media in highlighting the physical infrastructure development in rural areas of Sindh thus researcher has chosen the following questions in order to evaluate the role of print media in the portrayal of physical infrastructure development.

RQ1: Which newspaper gives more coverage to physical infrastructure development about Rural of Sindh?

RQ2: How many infrastructure development projects are covered in the year 2017?

RQ3: Which type of physical infrastructure development project mostly covers in Daily Dawn, Daily Express and Daily Kawish?

Research Methodology

According to the nature of the topic and objective, the researcher has decided to quantitative research and for that researcher will use content analysis methods.

Content Analysis

Content analysis is a methodology in the social sciences for studying the content of the communication. Earl Babbie defines it as the study of recorded communication, such as books, websites, paintings and laws (Bhanu). Any technique for making inferences by objectively and symmetrically identifying specified characteristics of the message (Kimberly A. Neuendorf, 2002). Therefore Researcher chose content analysis methods, in the content analysis method the researcher select print media for data collection.

Universe

In this study, the researcher will do the content analysis of Daily Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi) newspapers from January 2017 to December 2017. The sample will be from January 2017 to December 2017 because these newspapers are easily found on any public and private libraries and the internet.

Sample

The researcher has selected Daily Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi) newspapers as the sample, for the period of one­ year — 2017 arbitrary 432 editions published on three weekdays, Sunday, Monday, and Thursday, from 1^st January 2017 to 31^st December.

Unit of Analysis

In this study following units of Daily Dawn (English), Daily Express (Urdu) and Daily Kawish (Sindhi) will be analyzed by the researcher. Researcher categorize news in three pages (Front page, Inner pages, Back Page and Opinion page), for comparison in addition editorials, articles, columns, special edition, letter to the editor and pictures will also be taken for research analysis.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                

References

1. BhanuPratap Singh, Mass Communication Research
2. Dr. K. M. Kumarswamy (2015), Coverage of Development Issues in Kannada Dailies: A Case Study of Prajavan, Volume: 4, Issue: 4, April 2015, Paripex - Indian Journal of Research.
3. Dr. Rabi N. Subudhi (2015) Role of Print-Media in Socio-economic Development of East-India, KIIT School of Management KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India.
4. Gareth Locksley, (2009) The Media and Development what’sthe Story?
5. Jair Soares Jr and Rogério H. Quintella 2008 Development: an Analysis of Concepts, Measurement and Indicators, BAR, Curitiba, v. 5, n. 2, art. 2, p. 104-124, Apr. /June.
6. KomalSoneta, Impact of Infrastructure on Manufacturing Sector of Pakistan, Sukkur Institute of Business Administration, Sukkur.
7. Marianne Fay and Michael Toman (2010) Infrastructure and Sustainable Development, June.
8. Neuendorf, Kimberly A, The Content Analysis Guidebook author KimberlyNeuendorf, Sage Publications, 2002.
9. Peter McCawley (2010), Infrastructure policy in Asian developing countries, The Australian National University and Blackwell Publishing Asia.
10. Prof. NavaneetaRath, Directorate of Distance &Continuing Education Utkal University, Vani Vihar (Website: www.ddceutkal.org)
11. Sajjad A J, Muhammad I C, Zahid P and Amatul R. C, 2012  Physical Infrastructure and Economic Development in Pakistan, Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research.